I am taking a course next week on statistics in behavioral health. I have struggled a bit with math in the past, and I wanted to know if anyone could tell me how hard it gets with the math....? What can I expect? Thanks in advance!
What should I expect from a class in statistics in behavioral health?
i believe this would mostly be ... simple statistic... until the part where you determine null and alternative hypotheses...
calculations are going to be minimal so i dont think.. the math part is going to get you....
but i think... there are still lots of procedures to study....
Monday, May 4, 2009
How can I find the occupational accident statistics ?
I have to do the report, and presentation world occupational accident statistics. The problem is I can not find the statistics such as table, time, palce, person, cohort, etc. from the internet, so please help me to answer this question. How can I find the occupational accident statistics ? Thank you.
How can I find the occupational accident statistics ?
osha.gov, for usa
then here for the rest http://web.info.com/infocom.us2.6/search...
How can I find the occupational accident statistics ?
osha.gov, for usa
then here for the rest http://web.info.com/infocom.us2.6/search...
What are statistics to be used to compare two variables, one of them has two levels?
I conducting a study, and I run through this problem. I've got two variable, one of them only two levels. So what kind of statistics should I use to compare them? I tried to think about two- way ANOVA and one- way ANOVA and t- test, but nothing seems reasonable for me! what do you think?
What are statistics to be used to compare two variables, one of them has two levels?
The answer lies in the type of data collected. Is the data ordinal? Quantitative? The different types of data need to treated differently. a great reference on model selection and analysis is:
"Analysis of Variance, Design and Regression: Applied Statistical Methods"
By Ronald Christensen
Published 1996
CRC Press
Reply:ANOVA is used for sample with more than 2 level. Otherwise, t-test will be sufficient and should yield the same result when comparing two levels of the same variable. e.g. Variable height with sex as levels (male and female).
You use one-way anova if you have only one factor being considered. e.g. variable Height with factor sex.
Two-way (or two factor) ANOVA is if you have two factors. e.g. Height with sex and race as factors. Race can have more than two levels (asian, european, african, latin, etc).
false teeth
What are statistics to be used to compare two variables, one of them has two levels?
The answer lies in the type of data collected. Is the data ordinal? Quantitative? The different types of data need to treated differently. a great reference on model selection and analysis is:
"Analysis of Variance, Design and Regression: Applied Statistical Methods"
By Ronald Christensen
Published 1996
CRC Press
Reply:ANOVA is used for sample with more than 2 level. Otherwise, t-test will be sufficient and should yield the same result when comparing two levels of the same variable. e.g. Variable height with sex as levels (male and female).
You use one-way anova if you have only one factor being considered. e.g. variable Height with factor sex.
Two-way (or two factor) ANOVA is if you have two factors. e.g. Height with sex and race as factors. Race can have more than two levels (asian, european, african, latin, etc).
false teeth
What is the difference between business math and statistics?
I am a high school sophomore right now and I want to major in business in college.
What is the difference between business math and statistics? Which one should I take? What are the benefits of taking both? (Note: I do not really have time to take both of them, but I will give up a science credit if it is really necessary to take both)
Are there any other classes that I should consider on taking (sociology for example)?
Also, what is a good college to go to? Top business schools?
What is the difference between business math and statistics?
Statistics is just one of the business math that you'll need depending on what you'll be doing specifically in business. So it really depends on what your major is.
You won't be needing the full range of Calculus and Differential Equations etc, but just an abridged version at most school for Calculus.
When deciding what to take, the best thing to do is to Decide (for sure) what you'd like to be, then talk to a college counselor to decide what specific courses you'll need for that major.
since you'll likely be needing a diploma, you'll have to meet your college's graduation "minimum" requirement. That means aside from taking the classes you need for your major/interest, you'll also have to pass the general requirement courses, ie English, Speech, History etc...
Thus I would suggest first enrolling in 2 years junior college to fulfill your GE (general education) requirements (which are the same for most, if not all, accredited universities), then concentrate on your major. Of course, when you pick your GE courses, there are some leaways so you can pick the courses more closely related to your interest/major.
Those GE courses are not a choice, but a must if you want to graduate from the school.
Good luck.
Reply:If you can take an AP Statistics Course it can be transferred to a university. At most Universities you need at least a year of statistics to get your degree. So if you take it now you will get those courses over with. Also, if you can take some economics courses too they will comtribute towards your degree.
Stanford University and Princeton have the best business and law programs.
What is the difference between business math and statistics? Which one should I take? What are the benefits of taking both? (Note: I do not really have time to take both of them, but I will give up a science credit if it is really necessary to take both)
Are there any other classes that I should consider on taking (sociology for example)?
Also, what is a good college to go to? Top business schools?
What is the difference between business math and statistics?
Statistics is just one of the business math that you'll need depending on what you'll be doing specifically in business. So it really depends on what your major is.
You won't be needing the full range of Calculus and Differential Equations etc, but just an abridged version at most school for Calculus.
When deciding what to take, the best thing to do is to Decide (for sure) what you'd like to be, then talk to a college counselor to decide what specific courses you'll need for that major.
since you'll likely be needing a diploma, you'll have to meet your college's graduation "minimum" requirement. That means aside from taking the classes you need for your major/interest, you'll also have to pass the general requirement courses, ie English, Speech, History etc...
Thus I would suggest first enrolling in 2 years junior college to fulfill your GE (general education) requirements (which are the same for most, if not all, accredited universities), then concentrate on your major. Of course, when you pick your GE courses, there are some leaways so you can pick the courses more closely related to your interest/major.
Those GE courses are not a choice, but a must if you want to graduate from the school.
Good luck.
Reply:If you can take an AP Statistics Course it can be transferred to a university. At most Universities you need at least a year of statistics to get your degree. So if you take it now you will get those courses over with. Also, if you can take some economics courses too they will comtribute towards your degree.
Stanford University and Princeton have the best business and law programs.
What is the best website to find statistics on illegal immigrations impact on america?
I am looking for statistical information about how illegal immigration impacts americas economy, crime rate, culture, educational system and health care systems. One that shows the pros and cons of illegal immigration.I would prefer less opinion and more facts and statistics.
What is the best website to find statistics on illegal immigrations impact on america?
This is a tough one to answer as just about everyone has an axe to grind and even liars figure.
I like this article:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_im...
This one isn't bad, but has little hard data:
http://www.forbes.com/entrepreneurs/2007...
This one has hard data, but clearly misrepresents things:
http://www.cis.org/articles/2004/fiscale...
For example, children born in this country are citizens, so even if they are "households headed by illegal aliens" the cost of the kids' education and medical care isn't going to "illegal immigrants"; etc. So it is hardly trustworthy.
This report to the State of Minnesota is the best I've seen, but it is restricted in scope:
http://www.mnforsustain.org/immg_mn_stat...
(It notes that the ration of citizen children to illegal immigrant children is 2:1.)
What is the best website to find statistics on illegal immigrations impact on america?
This is a tough one to answer as just about everyone has an axe to grind and even liars figure.
I like this article:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_im...
This one isn't bad, but has little hard data:
http://www.forbes.com/entrepreneurs/2007...
This one has hard data, but clearly misrepresents things:
http://www.cis.org/articles/2004/fiscale...
For example, children born in this country are citizens, so even if they are "households headed by illegal aliens" the cost of the kids' education and medical care isn't going to "illegal immigrants"; etc. So it is hardly trustworthy.
This report to the State of Minnesota is the best I've seen, but it is restricted in scope:
http://www.mnforsustain.org/immg_mn_stat...
(It notes that the ration of citizen children to illegal immigrant children is 2:1.)
How do I find statistics on public library closures ?
HI, I live in So OR and from what I heard last time we closed our public library, we were the first library in the US that was public that was ever closed. I want to gather some statistics to show how ridiculous it is to close our library. What a city !!! Ha. So, please not opinions, but I need statistics, any search ideas ?
How do I find statistics on public library closures ?
Libraries are changing. The role of public libraries in today's world is being examined. Some may fall.
I think some kind of public space is needed. Some newspapers, internet terminals, etc.Whether they want a library service is up to each community.
Reply:One of the best sources for Library statistics is http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/lib... but this may be of limited use to you as it is mostly for comparative purposes. I'm not familiar with any place to find statistics on closures. Report Abuse
How do I find statistics on public library closures ?
Libraries are changing. The role of public libraries in today's world is being examined. Some may fall.
I think some kind of public space is needed. Some newspapers, internet terminals, etc.Whether they want a library service is up to each community.
Reply:One of the best sources for Library statistics is http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/lib... but this may be of limited use to you as it is mostly for comparative purposes. I'm not familiar with any place to find statistics on closures. Report Abuse
How much of statistics are involved in Psychology?
I'm a senior in high school currently and I'm trying to figure out what I want to do for the rest of my life. I'm really into psychology and I am thinking about majoring in psychology in college. My preference for a career right now is to become a forensic psychologist, but I am not good at math at all. I was wondering if statistics are a huge part of psychology if you want to major in it? Currently, I am taking AP statistics at my high school, and I just do not understand it.
How much of statistics are involved in Psychology?
Statistics are a big part of the field.
Don't get discouraged about the stats. I did not do well in my first statistics course in college, I didn't understand anything. But then I took another course as an elective and something clicked. I loved the course and everything started to come into focus. I finished my undergrad and then got my master's in statistics. the material can be challenging for some, but if you keep looking at it you'll be able to get the stats.
and if you have to do a lot stats in your work you can always hire a statistician to do it! (actually it's not a bad idea. The statistician can help you design the experiment from the start so that the data collected will give you the best statistical, reproducible and meaningfull results.)
Reply:Yes it is.
Ultimately, research leads to data, data is useless until you know how it relates to a given sample space.
If you don't get involved in the research end of things, I imagine that it wouldn't be necessary for you to compile them, but you will need to understand them.
I have always wondered in anyone ever did a breakdown of "rapid eye movement" therapy? I doubt it is any more effective than the placebo effect.
Reply:It depends on the school and on your specialty.
Psychology at Georgia Tech has a LOT of calculus, statistics, etc.
Clinical Psych rarely has any.
Forensic psych - i would expect it to be in the middle.
Reply:Yes psychology is based on statistics and like any subject, the more in depth you study it the more difficult it gets. Statistics are different somewhat from things like algebra, on the whole, because the statistics you will need to know is based more on concepts and ideas. You will need to know theories and rules about statistics rather than formulas- we have computer programs to do the actual math for us. It gets much more complicated than percentiles and means. However, an understanding of math can't hurt- when psiexploration said statistics doesnt involve algebra he was very wrong- in fact analyses such as a factor analysis are based on matrix algebra. The better you know algebra, the better you will know stats
broken teeth
How much of statistics are involved in Psychology?
Statistics are a big part of the field.
Don't get discouraged about the stats. I did not do well in my first statistics course in college, I didn't understand anything. But then I took another course as an elective and something clicked. I loved the course and everything started to come into focus. I finished my undergrad and then got my master's in statistics. the material can be challenging for some, but if you keep looking at it you'll be able to get the stats.
and if you have to do a lot stats in your work you can always hire a statistician to do it! (actually it's not a bad idea. The statistician can help you design the experiment from the start so that the data collected will give you the best statistical, reproducible and meaningfull results.)
Reply:Yes it is.
Ultimately, research leads to data, data is useless until you know how it relates to a given sample space.
If you don't get involved in the research end of things, I imagine that it wouldn't be necessary for you to compile them, but you will need to understand them.
I have always wondered in anyone ever did a breakdown of "rapid eye movement" therapy? I doubt it is any more effective than the placebo effect.
Reply:It depends on the school and on your specialty.
Psychology at Georgia Tech has a LOT of calculus, statistics, etc.
Clinical Psych rarely has any.
Forensic psych - i would expect it to be in the middle.
Reply:Yes psychology is based on statistics and like any subject, the more in depth you study it the more difficult it gets. Statistics are different somewhat from things like algebra, on the whole, because the statistics you will need to know is based more on concepts and ideas. You will need to know theories and rules about statistics rather than formulas- we have computer programs to do the actual math for us. It gets much more complicated than percentiles and means. However, an understanding of math can't hurt- when psiexploration said statistics doesnt involve algebra he was very wrong- in fact analyses such as a factor analysis are based on matrix algebra. The better you know algebra, the better you will know stats
broken teeth
Statistics: what is the difference between a lurking variable and a confounding variable?
Statistics: what is the difference between a lurking variable and a confounding variable? Can anyone explain?
Statistics: what is the difference between a lurking variable and a confounding variable?
They are basically the same. Confounding or Lurking variables are factors affecting the variables in the study but was not included in the study or analysis.
Statistics: what is the difference between a lurking variable and a confounding variable?
They are basically the same. Confounding or Lurking variables are factors affecting the variables in the study but was not included in the study or analysis.
How do journalists use probability and statistics in their careers?
I'm doing a project that ties in the college application process with math for my Probability and Statistics class (I'm a junior in high school). I can't think of any reasons. The project is due tomorrow! Any ideas would help.
How do journalists use probability and statistics in their careers?
Journalists, publicists and other media practitioners use statistics and probability in articles/reports to backup their stories and opinions on issues.
Facts and figures go together so it's essential that the statistics are correct and up to date. Any poor research on statistics would discredit the reporter and undermine the work of statisticians.
Reply:Good job, waiting until the last minute.
Journalists use prob %26amp; stat's to enhance their stories, to prove their point, to give more creedence to their investigations, etc.
How do journalists use probability and statistics in their careers?
Journalists, publicists and other media practitioners use statistics and probability in articles/reports to backup their stories and opinions on issues.
Facts and figures go together so it's essential that the statistics are correct and up to date. Any poor research on statistics would discredit the reporter and undermine the work of statisticians.
Reply:Good job, waiting until the last minute.
Journalists use prob %26amp; stat's to enhance their stories, to prove their point, to give more creedence to their investigations, etc.
Will adding the statistics minor make me more marketable in the long run?
I'm a junior in college majoring in communications with an emphasis in public relations. My minor is international business. I've had 3 semesters of French and I'm studying abroad in France for 4 months. I've also had 3 semesters of applied statistics. If I continue to minor in statistics it will take me an extra semester to graduate. Is it worth it? Or do you think my degree is marketable enough. Eventually I'd like to go into media planning/buying.
Will adding the statistics minor make me more marketable in the long run?
I can't see how it would make any difference to an employer. You seem over educated now. That's not a bad thing, because what's in your head will be useful at some point.
Will adding the statistics minor make me more marketable in the long run?
I can't see how it would make any difference to an employer. You seem over educated now. That's not a bad thing, because what's in your head will be useful at some point.
What are some reasons and statistics to argue against prisoner rights in a debate?
This is for my friend. Anyway, in a school argument, she is arguing against rights for prisoner and needs some strong reasons and statistics. Any help? (Tha thing's due in two weeks!)
What are some reasons and statistics to argue against prisoner rights in a debate?
Prisoners receive immediate and free medical attention, more so than many middle-class workers.
Prisoners are treated in many prisons as though they are living "the high life" or in country club settings, rather than being denied liberties.
Many people claim that U.S. prisoners live twice as well as U.S. college students, including being fed healthily and regularly.
"Joe Arpaio has been called "America's Toughest Sheriff" for his controversial approach to operating the Maricopa County Sheriff's Office, mainly in regard to his treatment of inmates."
"Arpaio believes that inmates should be treated as harshly as legally possible to emphasize the punishment aspect of their incarceration. Thus upon his initial election Arpaio, began instituting the controversial changes for which he would later become noted.
Arpaio began to serve inmates surplus food (mainly outdated and oxidized green bologna) and limited meals to twice daily. Meal costs would be reduced to 90 cents per day; as of 2007 Arpaio states that he has managed to reduce costs to 30 cents per day. Certain food items were banned from the county jail, mainly coffee (which also reduced "coffee attacks" on guards), but later salt and pepper were removed from the jail (at a purported taxpayer savings of $20,000/year).
Arpaio banned smoking in the county jail. He also removed pornographic magazines (the ban was later upheld in court) and weightlifting equipment. Entertainment was limited to G-rated movies; the cable TV system (mandated by court order) was severely blocked by Arpaio to limit viewing to those stations Arpaio deems to be "educational", mainly Animal Planet, Disney Channel, The Weather Channel, A%26amp;E, CNN, and the local government access channel.
Arpaio also instituted a program for inmates to study while in jail and to try to recover from drug abuse. Hard Knocks High states to be the only approved high school program in any American jail. Another jail program, called ALPHA, is aimed solely at getting inmates away from drug abuse.
In October 2005, Arpaio started mandatory two-week English classes for non-English-speaking inmates at his jails. Classes last 2 hours a day. The curriculum comprises the three branches of government, how a bill becomes law, state government, law enforcement and court services, and jailhouse "situational" terminology. At the end of the two-week course, inmates are required to take a test to see how well they have learned about American government, the words to God Bless America, and the communication of health and safety needs. In response to critics, Arpaio responded, "These inmates happen to be incarcerated in the United States of America and in Maricopa County where I run the jails, we speak English here, not foreign languages."
In February 2007, Arpaio instituted an in-house radio station, KJOE, which broadcasts classical music, opera, Frank Sinatra hits, obscenity-free patriotic music, and educational programming, from the basement of the county jail. The station airs four hours each day, five days a week. In March of 2007, the Maricopa County Jail hosted "Inmate Idol", a takeoff on the popular TV show.
Shortly after taking office, Arpaio reinstituted chain gangs, the controversial form of inmate labor which had been virtually eliminated in the United States.
Arpaio believes that chain gangs are not a form of punishment, but instead of rehabilitation. Inmates who are low-risk but with a history of jail incidents can apply to serve as free labor. Inmates work eight-hours a day, six days a week (Sundays off), mainly outside. The inmates wear traditional black-and-white striped uniforms (see below for more details) with a cap to protect against the desert heat. Inmates perform such tasks as creating fire breaks, removing trash, and burying deceased indigent persons in the county cemetery.
Arpaio also expanded the chain gang concept by instituting the world's first female chain gang. Female inmates work seven hours a day (7 AM to 2 PM), six days a week. Arpaio has also instituted the world's first all-juvenile chain gang.
One of Arpaio's most noted changes was the introduction of pink underwear. Arpaio noted that the traditional white underwear, labeled with Maricopa County Sheriff's Office, was being smuggled out of the jails and sold on the streets. Arpaio thus had the underwear dyed pink, believing that pink is not considered a "macho" color, and would not be stolen. Once the public learned of the change, requests came in for orders, and Arpaio began selling customized pink boxers (with the Maricopa County Sheriff's logo and "Go Joe") as a fund-raiser for sheriff's operations.
Arpaio subsequently introduced pink handcuffs among sheriff's deputies, who were taking the traditional silver-colored ones. Later, when Arpaio learned that the color pink has a known psychological calming effect, he began dyeing sheets, socks, towels, and all other fabric items in pink.
The outer uniform is not pink, but traditional black-and-white. This was part of another Arpaio-instituted change. One day, allegedly, Arpaio thought he saw an inmate escapee in the then-existing sea-green inmate uniform outside the jail (it turned out to be a hospital worker in scrubs). Later, he noted that the orange uniforms of the chain gangs were similar to uniforms used by county workers (the orange being needed for safety). Believing that inmates should be easily identifiable should they escape, Arpaio re-instituted the traditional black-and-white inmate uniforms, which even with the advent of everything else being pink has not changed.
The most noted, and controversial, of Arpaio's ideas was the set-up of "Tent City" as an extension of the Maricopa County Jail .
When Arpaio took office, inmates were routinely being released early due to overcrowding. Arpaio believed that "courts, not head count" should determine when an inmate is released, and that no officer should be deterred from making an arrest for fear that the inmate would be released due to jail overcrowding.
However, a new jail would have cost Maricopa County taxpayers around US$70 million. So instead, Arpaio obtained used tents from the military, and established Tent City in a parking lot adjacent to one of the jail facilities. As an announcement to future inmates that they should not expect early release upon overcrowding, but more tents instead, Arpaio added a (pink neon) "Vacancy" sign to the outside of Tent City. The original sign was destroyed in an inmate riot, but was quickly replaced. A second Tent City was opened in 1996 adjacent to another jail facility, and houses female inmates.
During the summer of 2003, when outside temperatures exceeded 110 °F (43 °C), which is higher than average, Arpaio said to complaining inmates, "It's 120 degrees in Iraq and the soldiers are living in tents and they didn't commit any crimes, so shut your mouths." Inmates were given permission to wear only their pink underwear.
Tent City has been criticized by groups contending these are violations of human and constitutional rights, and simultaneously praised by those favoring Arpaio's "get tough on crime" approach.
In response to requests, the Sheriff's office offers group tours of its unique and controversial Tent City. In addition, Arpaio has instituted "S.M.A.R.T." Tents (Shocking Mainstream Adolescents into Resisting Temptation), a voluntary program for middle-school students who are bussed to an area adjacent to Tent City and, for the next 24 hours, are shown the reality of jail life.
For security purposes, Arpaio transports prisoners without their clothes (wearing only their underwear) so that they do not hide contraband during transport. Recently, this attracted considerable attention with not only prisoners in transport vehicles, but with prisoners marched down the public streets wearing only their underwear. The occurrence was reported widely in the media and has been referred to as the underwear march.
"It's a security issue," Arpaio said. "If you let them wear their clothes, they can conceal the fake keys and everything else.
Because of the media spectacle resulting from the underwear march, it would also be regarded as a perp walk.
Some feel that Sheriff Arpaio's actions are based less on a desire to serve the public and to lower crime, but on demagoguery and grandstanding that hurt the public welfare. Amnesty International issued a report critical of the treatment of inmates in Maricopa County facilities.
Criticism has resulted due to lawsuits filed against the sheriff’s office by family members of inmates who died in jail custody and in highspeed pursuits involving deputies. The lawsuits have cost Maricopa County more than $13.7 million in settlement claims. By mid-year 2007 more than $50 million in claims had been filed against the sheriffs office and Maricopa County."
Reply:You need to be clear about what specific rights you are talking about and the jurisdictional basis upon which they are deemed to be RIGHTS rather than mere PRACTICES. There are theoretical rights and actual rights, and they vary significantly from one “jurisdiction” to another.
Theoretical rights are god-given (“Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness”). Actual rights are generally privileges extended by society to those who exercise them responsibly (the “right” to drive a car). Atheistic countries like China generally do not recognize god-given rights. Actual rights vary: China does not recognize the right to free speech; America does.
In the United States, when a person goes to prison he loses substantially all his rights (in China he has few, if any, rights to begin with). He is allowed certain privileges based upon the nature of his offense(s) and his behavior. A prisoner in a state with capital punishment does not have a RIGHT to life if he has been sentenced to death (in fact, appellate lawyers never argue their death sentence appeals on the “right” to life). The state has broad discretion (or the “right”) to decide what privileges are and are not extended to him (and this includes so-called Constitutional rights). The state does not have the right to subject a prisoner to cruel and unusual punishment, but that’s one of the few restrictions on a state’s discretion.
I would suggest your friend TRY to do the following:
1. Dismiss arguments based on THEORETICAL rights. Whose “god” granted those rights?
2. Stick with ACTUAL rights.
3. Challenge any asserted “rights” that are based on qualifiers (a/k/a moral imperatives) such as “should be,” “ought to be,” etc. “We cannot reasonably debate what a prisoner’s rights SHOULD BE. We can only debate what those rights ARE. If we get into a debate about the way things SHOULD BE, we must first debate WHO gets to decide what “SHOULD BE.”
4. Try to emphasize several times that the debate MUST be about LEGAL rights, not MORAL rights.
5. DO NOT CRITICIZE OR BELITTLE ANYONE.
Make sure she knows what the rules are. The best debaters often find a way to twist the rules around.
A little humor can go a long way; too much can be a disaster. Your friend is supposed to be an advocate for a point of view, not a comedian.
If circumstances permit, a little humility might work well: "As we conclude this debate, I feel I must say that some of the positions I have taken may NOT be ones that I would advocate. BUT...[whatever]."
Reply:That is rather broad. For example, one would be hard pressed to argue that prisoners have no right to not be murdered by the warden. On the other hand, lawsuits about crunchy and creamy peanut butter are a different story. Narrow your subject matter and you might get some help.
Reply:rights are a privilege you earn them in society,did they consider the rights of their victims
canine teeth
What are some reasons and statistics to argue against prisoner rights in a debate?
Prisoners receive immediate and free medical attention, more so than many middle-class workers.
Prisoners are treated in many prisons as though they are living "the high life" or in country club settings, rather than being denied liberties.
Many people claim that U.S. prisoners live twice as well as U.S. college students, including being fed healthily and regularly.
"Joe Arpaio has been called "America's Toughest Sheriff" for his controversial approach to operating the Maricopa County Sheriff's Office, mainly in regard to his treatment of inmates."
"Arpaio believes that inmates should be treated as harshly as legally possible to emphasize the punishment aspect of their incarceration. Thus upon his initial election Arpaio, began instituting the controversial changes for which he would later become noted.
Arpaio began to serve inmates surplus food (mainly outdated and oxidized green bologna) and limited meals to twice daily. Meal costs would be reduced to 90 cents per day; as of 2007 Arpaio states that he has managed to reduce costs to 30 cents per day. Certain food items were banned from the county jail, mainly coffee (which also reduced "coffee attacks" on guards), but later salt and pepper were removed from the jail (at a purported taxpayer savings of $20,000/year).
Arpaio banned smoking in the county jail. He also removed pornographic magazines (the ban was later upheld in court) and weightlifting equipment. Entertainment was limited to G-rated movies; the cable TV system (mandated by court order) was severely blocked by Arpaio to limit viewing to those stations Arpaio deems to be "educational", mainly Animal Planet, Disney Channel, The Weather Channel, A%26amp;E, CNN, and the local government access channel.
Arpaio also instituted a program for inmates to study while in jail and to try to recover from drug abuse. Hard Knocks High states to be the only approved high school program in any American jail. Another jail program, called ALPHA, is aimed solely at getting inmates away from drug abuse.
In October 2005, Arpaio started mandatory two-week English classes for non-English-speaking inmates at his jails. Classes last 2 hours a day. The curriculum comprises the three branches of government, how a bill becomes law, state government, law enforcement and court services, and jailhouse "situational" terminology. At the end of the two-week course, inmates are required to take a test to see how well they have learned about American government, the words to God Bless America, and the communication of health and safety needs. In response to critics, Arpaio responded, "These inmates happen to be incarcerated in the United States of America and in Maricopa County where I run the jails, we speak English here, not foreign languages."
In February 2007, Arpaio instituted an in-house radio station, KJOE, which broadcasts classical music, opera, Frank Sinatra hits, obscenity-free patriotic music, and educational programming, from the basement of the county jail. The station airs four hours each day, five days a week. In March of 2007, the Maricopa County Jail hosted "Inmate Idol", a takeoff on the popular TV show.
Shortly after taking office, Arpaio reinstituted chain gangs, the controversial form of inmate labor which had been virtually eliminated in the United States.
Arpaio believes that chain gangs are not a form of punishment, but instead of rehabilitation. Inmates who are low-risk but with a history of jail incidents can apply to serve as free labor. Inmates work eight-hours a day, six days a week (Sundays off), mainly outside. The inmates wear traditional black-and-white striped uniforms (see below for more details) with a cap to protect against the desert heat. Inmates perform such tasks as creating fire breaks, removing trash, and burying deceased indigent persons in the county cemetery.
Arpaio also expanded the chain gang concept by instituting the world's first female chain gang. Female inmates work seven hours a day (7 AM to 2 PM), six days a week. Arpaio has also instituted the world's first all-juvenile chain gang.
One of Arpaio's most noted changes was the introduction of pink underwear. Arpaio noted that the traditional white underwear, labeled with Maricopa County Sheriff's Office, was being smuggled out of the jails and sold on the streets. Arpaio thus had the underwear dyed pink, believing that pink is not considered a "macho" color, and would not be stolen. Once the public learned of the change, requests came in for orders, and Arpaio began selling customized pink boxers (with the Maricopa County Sheriff's logo and "Go Joe") as a fund-raiser for sheriff's operations.
Arpaio subsequently introduced pink handcuffs among sheriff's deputies, who were taking the traditional silver-colored ones. Later, when Arpaio learned that the color pink has a known psychological calming effect, he began dyeing sheets, socks, towels, and all other fabric items in pink.
The outer uniform is not pink, but traditional black-and-white. This was part of another Arpaio-instituted change. One day, allegedly, Arpaio thought he saw an inmate escapee in the then-existing sea-green inmate uniform outside the jail (it turned out to be a hospital worker in scrubs). Later, he noted that the orange uniforms of the chain gangs were similar to uniforms used by county workers (the orange being needed for safety). Believing that inmates should be easily identifiable should they escape, Arpaio re-instituted the traditional black-and-white inmate uniforms, which even with the advent of everything else being pink has not changed.
The most noted, and controversial, of Arpaio's ideas was the set-up of "Tent City" as an extension of the Maricopa County Jail .
When Arpaio took office, inmates were routinely being released early due to overcrowding. Arpaio believed that "courts, not head count" should determine when an inmate is released, and that no officer should be deterred from making an arrest for fear that the inmate would be released due to jail overcrowding.
However, a new jail would have cost Maricopa County taxpayers around US$70 million. So instead, Arpaio obtained used tents from the military, and established Tent City in a parking lot adjacent to one of the jail facilities. As an announcement to future inmates that they should not expect early release upon overcrowding, but more tents instead, Arpaio added a (pink neon) "Vacancy" sign to the outside of Tent City. The original sign was destroyed in an inmate riot, but was quickly replaced. A second Tent City was opened in 1996 adjacent to another jail facility, and houses female inmates.
During the summer of 2003, when outside temperatures exceeded 110 °F (43 °C), which is higher than average, Arpaio said to complaining inmates, "It's 120 degrees in Iraq and the soldiers are living in tents and they didn't commit any crimes, so shut your mouths." Inmates were given permission to wear only their pink underwear.
Tent City has been criticized by groups contending these are violations of human and constitutional rights, and simultaneously praised by those favoring Arpaio's "get tough on crime" approach.
In response to requests, the Sheriff's office offers group tours of its unique and controversial Tent City. In addition, Arpaio has instituted "S.M.A.R.T." Tents (Shocking Mainstream Adolescents into Resisting Temptation), a voluntary program for middle-school students who are bussed to an area adjacent to Tent City and, for the next 24 hours, are shown the reality of jail life.
For security purposes, Arpaio transports prisoners without their clothes (wearing only their underwear) so that they do not hide contraband during transport. Recently, this attracted considerable attention with not only prisoners in transport vehicles, but with prisoners marched down the public streets wearing only their underwear. The occurrence was reported widely in the media and has been referred to as the underwear march.
"It's a security issue," Arpaio said. "If you let them wear their clothes, they can conceal the fake keys and everything else.
Because of the media spectacle resulting from the underwear march, it would also be regarded as a perp walk.
Some feel that Sheriff Arpaio's actions are based less on a desire to serve the public and to lower crime, but on demagoguery and grandstanding that hurt the public welfare. Amnesty International issued a report critical of the treatment of inmates in Maricopa County facilities.
Criticism has resulted due to lawsuits filed against the sheriff’s office by family members of inmates who died in jail custody and in highspeed pursuits involving deputies. The lawsuits have cost Maricopa County more than $13.7 million in settlement claims. By mid-year 2007 more than $50 million in claims had been filed against the sheriffs office and Maricopa County."
Reply:You need to be clear about what specific rights you are talking about and the jurisdictional basis upon which they are deemed to be RIGHTS rather than mere PRACTICES. There are theoretical rights and actual rights, and they vary significantly from one “jurisdiction” to another.
Theoretical rights are god-given (“Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness”). Actual rights are generally privileges extended by society to those who exercise them responsibly (the “right” to drive a car). Atheistic countries like China generally do not recognize god-given rights. Actual rights vary: China does not recognize the right to free speech; America does.
In the United States, when a person goes to prison he loses substantially all his rights (in China he has few, if any, rights to begin with). He is allowed certain privileges based upon the nature of his offense(s) and his behavior. A prisoner in a state with capital punishment does not have a RIGHT to life if he has been sentenced to death (in fact, appellate lawyers never argue their death sentence appeals on the “right” to life). The state has broad discretion (or the “right”) to decide what privileges are and are not extended to him (and this includes so-called Constitutional rights). The state does not have the right to subject a prisoner to cruel and unusual punishment, but that’s one of the few restrictions on a state’s discretion.
I would suggest your friend TRY to do the following:
1. Dismiss arguments based on THEORETICAL rights. Whose “god” granted those rights?
2. Stick with ACTUAL rights.
3. Challenge any asserted “rights” that are based on qualifiers (a/k/a moral imperatives) such as “should be,” “ought to be,” etc. “We cannot reasonably debate what a prisoner’s rights SHOULD BE. We can only debate what those rights ARE. If we get into a debate about the way things SHOULD BE, we must first debate WHO gets to decide what “SHOULD BE.”
4. Try to emphasize several times that the debate MUST be about LEGAL rights, not MORAL rights.
5. DO NOT CRITICIZE OR BELITTLE ANYONE.
Make sure she knows what the rules are. The best debaters often find a way to twist the rules around.
A little humor can go a long way; too much can be a disaster. Your friend is supposed to be an advocate for a point of view, not a comedian.
If circumstances permit, a little humility might work well: "As we conclude this debate, I feel I must say that some of the positions I have taken may NOT be ones that I would advocate. BUT...[whatever]."
Reply:That is rather broad. For example, one would be hard pressed to argue that prisoners have no right to not be murdered by the warden. On the other hand, lawsuits about crunchy and creamy peanut butter are a different story. Narrow your subject matter and you might get some help.
Reply:rights are a privilege you earn them in society,did they consider the rights of their victims
canine teeth
What is the best way to defend your stance without using statistics?
It seems to me that so many people toss around statistics to support their arguments.
But that is flawed because even if a link to the source is provided, the statistics could be fabricated by a company or political party with an agenda.
For istance, the "news" source World Net Daily makes up their own statistics to suit whatever "family-values" spin they are trying to market.
So what are some better ways to defend our positions in a debate?
What is the best way to defend your stance without using statistics?
- case studies
- quotes from the people who are affected by a certain issue on what they think of the issue or problem
Reply:I totally agree with you on statistics. You can make the same set of numbers say different things depending on the agenda you are pushing.
To answer you question, how about "cause and effect" approach?
Reply:If we go by the Cons' strategy, I would say name-calling.
Reply:Don't step into a discussion unless have valid information. Always reiterate statements from news sources like National Public Radio that have reliable indisputable reputations.
Reply:5 out of every 4 statistics are made up on the spot :-)
just kidding... an way would be to use personal experience facts or find a few people that have been on that particular position and the results, a case study can be more influential than many stats.
Reply:Try the truth, with facts to back up what ever side you are on in a debate. If you are speaking of a school debate, there are times when you are to defend something you don't believe in personally, but facts %26amp; truth usually win out. Most things are not all black %26amp; white; there are shades of gray, at times you must use these to make a point. By all means, hold your temper when the opposition disagrees with you. Remember, its only a debate!
You are absolutly correct, statistics can be made to prove what ever the party conducting the poll decides them to indicate.
Reply:logic
Reply:Perhaps the best stance to take when defending yourself is legs apart, knees slightly bent, slightlly crouched so you keep your balance, and aim your first two fingers of yoiur right hand for the eyes, and your left hand in a fist, aiming for the groin. If you do strike, mean business, and starting with the eyes, give them the "old 1 -2."
Reply:The best way to defend your stance is to make sure that you honestly have all the facts and be sure you are right. The rest will take care of itself eventually.
Reply:Seriously? One needs to read a variety of newspapers, and News channels- Research. Don't think that "Fox news" is a message from God. . .
Bottom line, do your homework before you spout off!
Reply:Use reason. Not emotions and whining like the liberals. Not fear mongering and threats like the fake conservatives.
But that is flawed because even if a link to the source is provided, the statistics could be fabricated by a company or political party with an agenda.
For istance, the "news" source World Net Daily makes up their own statistics to suit whatever "family-values" spin they are trying to market.
So what are some better ways to defend our positions in a debate?
What is the best way to defend your stance without using statistics?
- case studies
- quotes from the people who are affected by a certain issue on what they think of the issue or problem
Reply:I totally agree with you on statistics. You can make the same set of numbers say different things depending on the agenda you are pushing.
To answer you question, how about "cause and effect" approach?
Reply:If we go by the Cons' strategy, I would say name-calling.
Reply:Don't step into a discussion unless have valid information. Always reiterate statements from news sources like National Public Radio that have reliable indisputable reputations.
Reply:5 out of every 4 statistics are made up on the spot :-)
just kidding... an way would be to use personal experience facts or find a few people that have been on that particular position and the results, a case study can be more influential than many stats.
Reply:Try the truth, with facts to back up what ever side you are on in a debate. If you are speaking of a school debate, there are times when you are to defend something you don't believe in personally, but facts %26amp; truth usually win out. Most things are not all black %26amp; white; there are shades of gray, at times you must use these to make a point. By all means, hold your temper when the opposition disagrees with you. Remember, its only a debate!
You are absolutly correct, statistics can be made to prove what ever the party conducting the poll decides them to indicate.
Reply:logic
Reply:Perhaps the best stance to take when defending yourself is legs apart, knees slightly bent, slightlly crouched so you keep your balance, and aim your first two fingers of yoiur right hand for the eyes, and your left hand in a fist, aiming for the groin. If you do strike, mean business, and starting with the eyes, give them the "old 1 -2."
Reply:The best way to defend your stance is to make sure that you honestly have all the facts and be sure you are right. The rest will take care of itself eventually.
Reply:Seriously? One needs to read a variety of newspapers, and News channels- Research. Don't think that "Fox news" is a message from God. . .
Bottom line, do your homework before you spout off!
Reply:Use reason. Not emotions and whining like the liberals. Not fear mongering and threats like the fake conservatives.
Where can I find statistics about the average age of a female or male dancer in showbusiness?
This is for a big project. Need to now some statistics on the average age of a dancer in the performance arts industry. Thanks for your help!!!
Where can I find statistics about the average age of a female or male dancer in showbusiness?
About two years, most I ever seen one of them last almost 10 years.
Reply:between 19 and 22 yrs old based on what ive seen
Where can I find statistics about the average age of a female or male dancer in showbusiness?
About two years, most I ever seen one of them last almost 10 years.
Reply:between 19 and 22 yrs old based on what ive seen
Where can I find statistics on players in world football for free, other than Guardian Unlimited?
I need to know statistics like up-to-date data on minutes played and goals scored this season, for individual players in all major leagues including South America and Europe. The service needs to be free and not the brilliant Guardian Unlimited site that I already use.
Where can I find statistics on players in world football for free, other than Guardian Unlimited?
Try the following site:-
FIFA.com - World Football
Reply:www.espn.com
Where can I find statistics on players in world football for free, other than Guardian Unlimited?
Try the following site:-
FIFA.com - World Football
Reply:www.espn.com
Where can I get statistics on the percentage of male verses female pedeotricians?
I need statistics on how many male vrs female pedeotricians there are. Also info on how many people have midwives. Thanks in advance.
Where can I get statistics on the percentage of male verses female pedeotricians?
try to search wikipedia.....u cant get anywhere direct comparison of ur desired things...search individuallly first male pediotricians, and then female pedeotricians and then u set the comparison.....same for midwives.....
search at google also by giving key words in diffret angles....
hope u will find.
human teeth
Where can I get statistics on the percentage of male verses female pedeotricians?
try to search wikipedia.....u cant get anywhere direct comparison of ur desired things...search individuallly first male pediotricians, and then female pedeotricians and then u set the comparison.....same for midwives.....
search at google also by giving key words in diffret angles....
hope u will find.
human teeth
Where can I find illegal immigration statistics from 1920s all the way to the 2000s?
From 2000 onwards to present I have the statistics for ilegal immigrants but its very very hard to find any before 2000...Im writing about illegal immigration and I need a buildup so I thought I'll write about the history of illegal immigration
I need statistics from 1900s onwards
Where can I find illegal immigration statistics from 1920s all the way to the 2000s?
I do not believe there was illegal immigration in the 1920s.
Most immigrants arrived by ships and were processed through Ellis Island.
Immigration from Cuba, Mexico and Central America was open so there was no illegal immigration from this area as anyone that came from this area was allowed into the U.S. legally. There were few restrictions on Canadians.
Illegal immigration probably did not occur until 30-40 years ago.
Illegal immigration became a problem when most people could afford cars and plane travel was no longer a luxury.
I need statistics from 1900s onwards
Where can I find illegal immigration statistics from 1920s all the way to the 2000s?
I do not believe there was illegal immigration in the 1920s.
Most immigrants arrived by ships and were processed through Ellis Island.
Immigration from Cuba, Mexico and Central America was open so there was no illegal immigration from this area as anyone that came from this area was allowed into the U.S. legally. There were few restrictions on Canadians.
Illegal immigration probably did not occur until 30-40 years ago.
Illegal immigration became a problem when most people could afford cars and plane travel was no longer a luxury.
What are the statistics of children in education in developing countries?
I've been working on a persuasive speech that details the negative factors of sweatshops. I want to focus on how children from countries that allow sweatshops get deprive of an education. Anyone knows where I can find some statistics or facts that support this claim.
What are the statistics of children in education in developing countries?
The Population Reference Bureau is great for this kind of data. You need Acrobat Acrobat Reader (free to download) to see the first link or most of the documents on the second.
I did some research on China in the 80s, a time when only about 12% of people got to attend any high school at all.
What are the statistics of children in education in developing countries?
The Population Reference Bureau is great for this kind of data. You need Acrobat Acrobat Reader (free to download) to see the first link or most of the documents on the second.
I did some research on China in the 80s, a time when only about 12% of people got to attend any high school at all.
What are the statistics of crime rates in Singapore due to capital punishment? Where can I find them?
I'm in my school's debate, now I need to find the statistics of crime rates in Singapore? And prove to them that capital punishment lowers crime rates.
Please, please, please help me.
What are the statistics of crime rates in Singapore due to capital punishment? Where can I find them?
You are not on the right track here- when looking at crime rates in countries which are comparable (eg the United States, Canada and Western Europe) you will find that crime rates are markedly higher in the USA, and, especially in states that have the death penalty.
Reply:Crime rates and capital punishment are not correlated. Crooks in Singapore simply commit more crimes that do not involve capital punishment. One is the rampant selling and buying of contraband cigarettes. To deter crime, you need to go the medieval route, like chopping limbs, stoning, flogging and decapitation in public like what Saudi Arabia practices. Btw, it quite humane as prisoners are sedated first.
Please, please, please help me.
What are the statistics of crime rates in Singapore due to capital punishment? Where can I find them?
You are not on the right track here- when looking at crime rates in countries which are comparable (eg the United States, Canada and Western Europe) you will find that crime rates are markedly higher in the USA, and, especially in states that have the death penalty.
Reply:Crime rates and capital punishment are not correlated. Crooks in Singapore simply commit more crimes that do not involve capital punishment. One is the rampant selling and buying of contraband cigarettes. To deter crime, you need to go the medieval route, like chopping limbs, stoning, flogging and decapitation in public like what Saudi Arabia practices. Btw, it quite humane as prisoners are sedated first.
What are the statistics of having an eating disorder?
What are the statistics of girls with eating disorders? How many of them that start dieting at age 13-14 get an eating disorder? What percent?
What are the statistics of having an eating disorder?
I can't tell you the likelihood of developing an eating disorder according to age, but here's some information about the age of onset.
•86% report onset of illness by the age of 20
•10% report onset at 10 years or younger
•33% report onset between ages of 11-15
•43% report onset between ages of 16-20
A panel at the 2004 International Conference on Eating Disorders in Orlando, Florida, suggested the following spectrum of risk factors. The more any one person has, the greater the probability of developing an eating disorder.
High weight concerns before age 14
High level of perceived stress
Behavior problems before age 14
History of dieting
Mother diets and is concerned about appearance
Siblings diet and are concerned about appearance
Peers diet and are concerned about appearance
Negative self-evaluation
Perfectionism
No male friends
Parental control
Rivalry with one or more siblings
Competitive with siblings' shape and/or appearance
Shy and/or anxious
Distressed by parental arguments
Distressed by life events occurring in the year before the illness develops
Critical comments from family members about weight, shape and eating
Teasing about weight, shape and appearance
Reply:dont know does it run in the family
Reply:Almost all of us have it in the US. Food is too good and there is too much of it. Maybe you should look at France.
Reply:Statistics: How many people have eating disorders?
Anorexia nervosa
Research suggests that about one percent (1%) of female adolescents have anorexia. That means that about one out of every one hundred young women between ten and twenty are starving themselves, sometimes to death. There do not seem to be reliable figures for younger children and older adults, but such cases, while they do occur, are not common.
Bulimia nervosa
Research suggests that about four percent (4%), or four out of one hundred, college-aged women have bulimia. About 50% of people who have been anorexic develop bulimia or bulimic patterns. Because people with bulimia are secretive, it is difficult to know how many older people are affected. Bulimia is rare in children.
Males with eating disorders
Only about 10% of people with anorexia and bulimia are male. This gender difference may reflect our society's different expectations for men and women. Men are supposed to be strong and powerful. They feel ashamed of skinny bodies and want to be big and powerful. Women, on the other hand, are supposed to be tiny, waif-like, and thin. They diet to lose weight, making themselves vulnerable to binge eating. Some develop rigid and compulsive overcontrol. Dieting and the resulting hunger are two of the most powerful eating disorders triggers known.
What age groups are affected?
Anorexia and bulimia affect primarily people in their teens and twenties, but studies report both disorders in children as young as six and individuals as old as seventy-six. As the Baby Boomers in the U.S. grow older, there seems to be an increase in the incidence of middle-aged women with anorexia and bulimia, possibly because this group has consistently considered image to be of major importance.
Overweight and obesity
Studies suggest that about sixty percent of adult Americans, both male and female, are overweight. About one third (34%) are obese, meaning that they are 20% or more above normal, healthy weight. Many of these people have binge eating disorder.
In addition, about 31 percent of American teenage girls and 28 percent of boys are somewhat overweight. An additional 15 percent of American teen girls and nearly 14 percent of teen boys are obese. (Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, January 2004) Causes include fast food, snacks with high sugar and fat content, little physical activity including use of automobiles, increased time spent in front of TV sets and computers, and a generally more sedentary lifestyles than slimmer peers.
Binge eating disorder
A recent study reported in Drugs and Therapy Perspectives reports that about one percent of women in the United States have binge eating disorder, as do thirty percent of women who seek treatment to lose weight. In other studies, up to two percent, or one to two million adults in the U.S., have problems with binge eating.
Eating disorders and substance abuse
About 72% of alcoholic women younger than 30 also have eating disorders. (Health magazine, Jan/Feb 2002). In addition, people with eating disorders often abuse prescription and recreational drugs, sometimes to numb themselves emotionally, to escape misery and depression, and sometimes in the service of weight loss.
What about compulsive exercising?
Because anorexia athletica is not a formal diagnosis, it has not been studied as rigorously as the official eating disorders. We have no idea how many people exercise compulsively.
Body dysmorphic disorder (includes muscle dysmorphic disorder)
BDD affects about two percent of people in the U.S. and strikes males and females equally, usually before age eighteen (70% of the time). Sufferers are excessively concerned about appearance, body shape, body size, weight, perceived lack of muscles, facial blemishes, and so forth. In some cases BDD can lead to steroid abuse, unnecessary plastic surgery, and even suicide. BDD is treatable and begins with an evaluation by a mental health care provider.
Subclinical eating disorders
We can only guess at the vast numbers of people who have subclinical or threshold eating disorders. They are too much preoccupied with food and weight. Their eating and weight control behaviors are not normal, but they are not disturbed enough to qualify for a formal diagnosis.
Eating disorders in Western and non-Western countries
In a study reported in Medscape's General Medicine 6(3) 2004, prevalence rates in Western countries for anorexia nervosa ranged from 0.1% to 5.7% in female subjects. Prevalence rates for bulimia nervosa ranged from 0% to 2.1% in males and from 0.3% to 7.3% in female subjects.
Prevalence rates in non-Western countries for bulimia nervosa ranged from 0.46% to 3.2% in female subjects. Studies of eating attitudes indicate abnormal eating attitudes in non-Western countries have been gradually increasing, presumably because of the influence, at least in part, of Western media: movies, TV shows, and magazines. Researchers conclude that the prevalence of eating disorders in non-Western countries is lower than that of Western countries, but it appears to be increasing.
Mortality and recovery rates
Without treatment, up to twenty percent (20%) of people with serious eating disorders die. With treatment, that number falls to two to three percent (2-3%). In 2005, Dr. Wright of the Eating Disorders Program at Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas, Texas indicated that the mortality rate for untreated anorexia nervosa may be even higher, up to 25 percent.
With treatment, about sixty percent (60%) of people with eating disorders recover. They maintain healthy weight. They eat a varied diet of normal foods and do not choose exclusively low-cal and non-fat items. They participate in friendships and romantic relationships. They create families and careers. Many say they feel they are stronger people and more insightful about life in general and themselves in particular than they would have been without the disorder.
In spite of treatment, about twenty percent (20%) of people with eating disorders make only partial recoveries. They remain too much focused on food and weight. They participate only superficially in friendships and romantic relationships. They may hold jobs but seldom have meaningful careers. Much of each paycheck goes to diet books, laxatives, jazzercise classes, and binge food.
The remaining twenty percent (20%) do not improve, even with treatment. They are seen repeatedly in emergency rooms, eating disorders programs, and mental health clinics. Their quietly desperate lives revolve around food and weight concerns, spiraling down into depression, loneliness, and feelings of helplessness and hopelessness.
Please note: The study of eating disorders is a relatively new field. We have no good information on the long-term recovery process. We do know that recovery usually takes a long time, perhaps on average five to seven years of slow progress that includes starts, stops, relapses, and ultimately movement in the direction of mental and physical health.
If you believe you are in the forty percent of people who do not recover from eating disorders, give yourself a break. Get into treatment and stay there. Give it all you have. You may surprise yourself and find you are in the sixty percent after all.
Miscellaneous statistics
From England: A 1998 survey done by Exeter University included 37,500 young women between twelve and fifteen. Over half (57.5%) listed appearance as the biggest concern in their lives. The same study indicated that 59% of the twelve and thirteen-year-old girls who suffered from low self-esteem were also dieting.
Dieting teens: More than half of teenaged girls are, or think they should be, on diets. They want to lose all or some of the forty pounds that females naturally gain between 8 and 14. About three percent of these teens go too far, becoming anorexic or bulimic.
Unrealistic expectations: Magazine pictures are electronically edited and airbrushed. Many entertainment celebrities are underweight, some anorexically so. How do we know what we should look like? It's hard. The table below compares average women in the U. S. with Barbie Doll and department store mannequins. It's not encouraging. (Health magazine, September 1997; and NEDIC, a Canadian eating disorders advocacy group)
Average woman
Barbie
Store mannequin
Height 5' 4"
6' 0"
6' 0"
Weight 145 lbs.
101 lbs
Not available
Dress size 11 -14
4
6
Bust 36 - 37"
39"
34"
Waist 29 - 31"
19"
23"
Hips 40 - 42"
33"
34"
Determining accurate statistics is difficult
Because physicians are not required to report eating disorders to a health agency, and because people with these problems tend to be secretive, denying that they even have a disorder, we have no way of knowing exactly how many people in this country are affected.
We can study small groups of people, determine how many of them are eating disordered, and then extrapolate to the general population. The numbers are usually given as percentages, and they are as close as we can get to an accurate estimate of the total number of people affected by eating disorders.
Now, that having been said, the journal Clinician Reviews [13(9]) 2003] estimates that each year about five million Americans are affected by an eating disorder. But there is disagreement.
The National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders states that approximately eight million people in the U.S. have anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and related eating disorders. Eight million people represents about three percent (3%) of the total population. Put another way, according to ANAD, about three out of every one hundred people in this country eats in a way disordered enough to warrant treatment. If you want to know how they arrived at this number, e-mail their staff.
my cat
What are the statistics of having an eating disorder?
I can't tell you the likelihood of developing an eating disorder according to age, but here's some information about the age of onset.
•86% report onset of illness by the age of 20
•10% report onset at 10 years or younger
•33% report onset between ages of 11-15
•43% report onset between ages of 16-20
A panel at the 2004 International Conference on Eating Disorders in Orlando, Florida, suggested the following spectrum of risk factors. The more any one person has, the greater the probability of developing an eating disorder.
High weight concerns before age 14
High level of perceived stress
Behavior problems before age 14
History of dieting
Mother diets and is concerned about appearance
Siblings diet and are concerned about appearance
Peers diet and are concerned about appearance
Negative self-evaluation
Perfectionism
No male friends
Parental control
Rivalry with one or more siblings
Competitive with siblings' shape and/or appearance
Shy and/or anxious
Distressed by parental arguments
Distressed by life events occurring in the year before the illness develops
Critical comments from family members about weight, shape and eating
Teasing about weight, shape and appearance
Reply:dont know does it run in the family
Reply:Almost all of us have it in the US. Food is too good and there is too much of it. Maybe you should look at France.
Reply:Statistics: How many people have eating disorders?
Anorexia nervosa
Research suggests that about one percent (1%) of female adolescents have anorexia. That means that about one out of every one hundred young women between ten and twenty are starving themselves, sometimes to death. There do not seem to be reliable figures for younger children and older adults, but such cases, while they do occur, are not common.
Bulimia nervosa
Research suggests that about four percent (4%), or four out of one hundred, college-aged women have bulimia. About 50% of people who have been anorexic develop bulimia or bulimic patterns. Because people with bulimia are secretive, it is difficult to know how many older people are affected. Bulimia is rare in children.
Males with eating disorders
Only about 10% of people with anorexia and bulimia are male. This gender difference may reflect our society's different expectations for men and women. Men are supposed to be strong and powerful. They feel ashamed of skinny bodies and want to be big and powerful. Women, on the other hand, are supposed to be tiny, waif-like, and thin. They diet to lose weight, making themselves vulnerable to binge eating. Some develop rigid and compulsive overcontrol. Dieting and the resulting hunger are two of the most powerful eating disorders triggers known.
What age groups are affected?
Anorexia and bulimia affect primarily people in their teens and twenties, but studies report both disorders in children as young as six and individuals as old as seventy-six. As the Baby Boomers in the U.S. grow older, there seems to be an increase in the incidence of middle-aged women with anorexia and bulimia, possibly because this group has consistently considered image to be of major importance.
Overweight and obesity
Studies suggest that about sixty percent of adult Americans, both male and female, are overweight. About one third (34%) are obese, meaning that they are 20% or more above normal, healthy weight. Many of these people have binge eating disorder.
In addition, about 31 percent of American teenage girls and 28 percent of boys are somewhat overweight. An additional 15 percent of American teen girls and nearly 14 percent of teen boys are obese. (Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, January 2004) Causes include fast food, snacks with high sugar and fat content, little physical activity including use of automobiles, increased time spent in front of TV sets and computers, and a generally more sedentary lifestyles than slimmer peers.
Binge eating disorder
A recent study reported in Drugs and Therapy Perspectives reports that about one percent of women in the United States have binge eating disorder, as do thirty percent of women who seek treatment to lose weight. In other studies, up to two percent, or one to two million adults in the U.S., have problems with binge eating.
Eating disorders and substance abuse
About 72% of alcoholic women younger than 30 also have eating disorders. (Health magazine, Jan/Feb 2002). In addition, people with eating disorders often abuse prescription and recreational drugs, sometimes to numb themselves emotionally, to escape misery and depression, and sometimes in the service of weight loss.
What about compulsive exercising?
Because anorexia athletica is not a formal diagnosis, it has not been studied as rigorously as the official eating disorders. We have no idea how many people exercise compulsively.
Body dysmorphic disorder (includes muscle dysmorphic disorder)
BDD affects about two percent of people in the U.S. and strikes males and females equally, usually before age eighteen (70% of the time). Sufferers are excessively concerned about appearance, body shape, body size, weight, perceived lack of muscles, facial blemishes, and so forth. In some cases BDD can lead to steroid abuse, unnecessary plastic surgery, and even suicide. BDD is treatable and begins with an evaluation by a mental health care provider.
Subclinical eating disorders
We can only guess at the vast numbers of people who have subclinical or threshold eating disorders. They are too much preoccupied with food and weight. Their eating and weight control behaviors are not normal, but they are not disturbed enough to qualify for a formal diagnosis.
Eating disorders in Western and non-Western countries
In a study reported in Medscape's General Medicine 6(3) 2004, prevalence rates in Western countries for anorexia nervosa ranged from 0.1% to 5.7% in female subjects. Prevalence rates for bulimia nervosa ranged from 0% to 2.1% in males and from 0.3% to 7.3% in female subjects.
Prevalence rates in non-Western countries for bulimia nervosa ranged from 0.46% to 3.2% in female subjects. Studies of eating attitudes indicate abnormal eating attitudes in non-Western countries have been gradually increasing, presumably because of the influence, at least in part, of Western media: movies, TV shows, and magazines. Researchers conclude that the prevalence of eating disorders in non-Western countries is lower than that of Western countries, but it appears to be increasing.
Mortality and recovery rates
Without treatment, up to twenty percent (20%) of people with serious eating disorders die. With treatment, that number falls to two to three percent (2-3%). In 2005, Dr. Wright of the Eating Disorders Program at Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas, Texas indicated that the mortality rate for untreated anorexia nervosa may be even higher, up to 25 percent.
With treatment, about sixty percent (60%) of people with eating disorders recover. They maintain healthy weight. They eat a varied diet of normal foods and do not choose exclusively low-cal and non-fat items. They participate in friendships and romantic relationships. They create families and careers. Many say they feel they are stronger people and more insightful about life in general and themselves in particular than they would have been without the disorder.
In spite of treatment, about twenty percent (20%) of people with eating disorders make only partial recoveries. They remain too much focused on food and weight. They participate only superficially in friendships and romantic relationships. They may hold jobs but seldom have meaningful careers. Much of each paycheck goes to diet books, laxatives, jazzercise classes, and binge food.
The remaining twenty percent (20%) do not improve, even with treatment. They are seen repeatedly in emergency rooms, eating disorders programs, and mental health clinics. Their quietly desperate lives revolve around food and weight concerns, spiraling down into depression, loneliness, and feelings of helplessness and hopelessness.
Please note: The study of eating disorders is a relatively new field. We have no good information on the long-term recovery process. We do know that recovery usually takes a long time, perhaps on average five to seven years of slow progress that includes starts, stops, relapses, and ultimately movement in the direction of mental and physical health.
If you believe you are in the forty percent of people who do not recover from eating disorders, give yourself a break. Get into treatment and stay there. Give it all you have. You may surprise yourself and find you are in the sixty percent after all.
Miscellaneous statistics
From England: A 1998 survey done by Exeter University included 37,500 young women between twelve and fifteen. Over half (57.5%) listed appearance as the biggest concern in their lives. The same study indicated that 59% of the twelve and thirteen-year-old girls who suffered from low self-esteem were also dieting.
Dieting teens: More than half of teenaged girls are, or think they should be, on diets. They want to lose all or some of the forty pounds that females naturally gain between 8 and 14. About three percent of these teens go too far, becoming anorexic or bulimic.
Unrealistic expectations: Magazine pictures are electronically edited and airbrushed. Many entertainment celebrities are underweight, some anorexically so. How do we know what we should look like? It's hard. The table below compares average women in the U. S. with Barbie Doll and department store mannequins. It's not encouraging. (Health magazine, September 1997; and NEDIC, a Canadian eating disorders advocacy group)
Average woman
Barbie
Store mannequin
Height 5' 4"
6' 0"
6' 0"
Weight 145 lbs.
101 lbs
Not available
Dress size 11 -14
4
6
Bust 36 - 37"
39"
34"
Waist 29 - 31"
19"
23"
Hips 40 - 42"
33"
34"
Determining accurate statistics is difficult
Because physicians are not required to report eating disorders to a health agency, and because people with these problems tend to be secretive, denying that they even have a disorder, we have no way of knowing exactly how many people in this country are affected.
We can study small groups of people, determine how many of them are eating disordered, and then extrapolate to the general population. The numbers are usually given as percentages, and they are as close as we can get to an accurate estimate of the total number of people affected by eating disorders.
Now, that having been said, the journal Clinician Reviews [13(9]) 2003] estimates that each year about five million Americans are affected by an eating disorder. But there is disagreement.
The National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders states that approximately eight million people in the U.S. have anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and related eating disorders. Eight million people represents about three percent (3%) of the total population. Put another way, according to ANAD, about three out of every one hundred people in this country eats in a way disordered enough to warrant treatment. If you want to know how they arrived at this number, e-mail their staff.
my cat
What are some statistics about schizophrenia?
I am doing a research projects about schizophrenia and I cant find any good statistics about it.. Can you help me, please?
What are some statistics about schizophrenia?
The best source in the world for any and all mental health disorders is the DSM IV-TR. It should be available in the library of a university, but if psychology is an interest of yours it would be a good buy. If psychology is your major it is most likely that you will need one in the future, anyway. the DSM IV-TR has diagnostic and statistical information for every recognized mental disorder, and a very extensive section on schizophrenia.
Reply:I'd start here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophren...
The end of the article contains lots of links and sources for the information in the article.
Reply:http://www.schizophrenia.com/szfacts.htm
What are some statistics about schizophrenia?
The best source in the world for any and all mental health disorders is the DSM IV-TR. It should be available in the library of a university, but if psychology is an interest of yours it would be a good buy. If psychology is your major it is most likely that you will need one in the future, anyway. the DSM IV-TR has diagnostic and statistical information for every recognized mental disorder, and a very extensive section on schizophrenia.
Reply:I'd start here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophren...
The end of the article contains lots of links and sources for the information in the article.
Reply:http://www.schizophrenia.com/szfacts.htm
What are the statistics of drug use by athletes?
Does anyone know how big the statistics are or have a sight where I can refrence this? I am trying to do a report on it, thanks!
What are the statistics of drug use by athletes?
I'm not sure exactly which you need (student athletes, professional athletes, or just athletes in general, but you can try here: http://www.cjsportmed.com/pt/re/cjsm/abs...
if you use google, check the scholarly article or news option. That should give you the best results.
What are the statistics of drug use by athletes?
I'm not sure exactly which you need (student athletes, professional athletes, or just athletes in general, but you can try here: http://www.cjsportmed.com/pt/re/cjsm/abs...
if you use google, check the scholarly article or news option. That should give you the best results.
What is the statistics for the lowering IQ compared to a few year ago?
I have heard and I have known that the current generation's IQ is on its descent. I want to know what the statistics are and what other information I need to know.. I need back-up details and anything else when it comes to the IQ of the people, whether they be on the descent or otherwise. Thank you!
What is the statistics for the lowering IQ compared to a few year ago?
All I can offer here is, the average IQ is 115, mine is 122 so that proves I'm no brain box!
There is a site www.dore.com where one can test thier IQ and it will also give you the realivant stats.
Good Luck
Reply:This answer wasn't exactly accurate. The average IQ is 100, and IQ can decline as you age, but the average IQ is actually going up! Report Abuse
What is the statistics for the lowering IQ compared to a few year ago?
All I can offer here is, the average IQ is 115, mine is 122 so that proves I'm no brain box!
There is a site www.dore.com where one can test thier IQ and it will also give you the realivant stats.
Good Luck
Reply:This answer wasn't exactly accurate. The average IQ is 100, and IQ can decline as you age, but the average IQ is actually going up! Report Abuse
What are 10 statistics of transportation industry?
What are 10 statistics of transportation industry? Such as pipeline, water, air, etc.
What are 10 statistics of transportation industry?
Load Factors on Airlines.
Fuel burn on anything using fuel.
Service Life on anything deployed.
Labor Cost
Reply:subspace, transwarp
Reply:iam not very sure .sorry
Reply:40,000 people in the US die in car accidents every year.
dog teeth
What are 10 statistics of transportation industry?
Load Factors on Airlines.
Fuel burn on anything using fuel.
Service Life on anything deployed.
Labor Cost
Reply:subspace, transwarp
Reply:iam not very sure .sorry
Reply:40,000 people in the US die in car accidents every year.
dog teeth
How do I prepare for a statistics class?
It's been over a year since I took my last math classes on finite mathematics and brief calculus. Next year, I plan to take AP statistics at my high school. I wanted to know what online or other resources I could use to review and prepare for statistics over the summer?
How do I prepare for a statistics class?
none. Stats is really easy. The first few chapters make you feel like you're back in elementary school. Have fun!
How do I prepare for a statistics class?
none. Stats is really easy. The first few chapters make you feel like you're back in elementary school. Have fun!
How are statistics and research design related? What is the relationship between research design and the opera
How are statistics and research design related? What is the relationship between research design and the operational definition of a problem statement?
How are statistics and research design related? What is the relationship between research design and the opera
Stats and Research methods go hand in hand. The design of an experiment will determine the statistical procedure used (or sometimes vice versa). For example, a yes/no questionnaire elicits categorical data, and techniques such as chi-square or Wilcoxon should be used. As well, ANOVA techniques (whether factorial, ANCOVA, one way, etc) also depend on the design of the experiment. There are many factors: number of independent and dependent variables, whether you used repeated measures, whether the subjects are related, presence of a control group... the list goes on.
How are statistics and research design related? What is the relationship between research design and the opera
Stats and Research methods go hand in hand. The design of an experiment will determine the statistical procedure used (or sometimes vice versa). For example, a yes/no questionnaire elicits categorical data, and techniques such as chi-square or Wilcoxon should be used. As well, ANOVA techniques (whether factorial, ANCOVA, one way, etc) also depend on the design of the experiment. There are many factors: number of independent and dependent variables, whether you used repeated measures, whether the subjects are related, presence of a control group... the list goes on.
Where can I find statistics on Florida teen-driving accidents and teen-driving on the internet?
I can't find it anywhere. I am looking for Florida teen-driving statistics or Volusia County statistics.
Where can I find statistics on Florida teen-driving accidents and teen-driving on the internet?
Teens can drive on the internet?
Reply:Try this site and maybe it will help.
http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/
Where can I find statistics on Florida teen-driving accidents and teen-driving on the internet?
Teens can drive on the internet?
Reply:Try this site and maybe it will help.
http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/
Statistics question: What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a histogram?
Anybody with a background in inferential statistics and the behavioral sciences--I am getting stuck here. Thank you for your help.
Statistics question: What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a histogram?
"The advantage of a histogram is that it shows the shape of the distribution for a large set of data; however the original data cannot be retrieved from a histogram."
That was a direct quote from the following web document:
dr teeth
Statistics question: What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a histogram?
"The advantage of a histogram is that it shows the shape of the distribution for a large set of data; however the original data cannot be retrieved from a histogram."
That was a direct quote from the following web document:
dr teeth
How accurate are the rape statistics in Islamic countries?
Countries that are ruled by Islamic law have the lowest rape statistics in the world, and much lower than that of the western world. But how accurate are these statistics?
Under Islamic law, a rape victim must have four male witnesses (which never happens), otherwise she is convicted of adultery (and god only knows what horrible punishment awaits her then).
So are the rape statistics really that low or are most rapes just not reported by the victim for fear of punishment?
How accurate are the rape statistics in Islamic countries?
your an Idiot,A woman must have 4 witnesses If she is committing adultery NOT rape!!Stupid westerns,do you really think that the statistic would be so low If you needed atleast 4 witnesses!!Rape Is not tolarated so only 2% of the victims would not report this,and you wanna know what else is so funny?America the land of the free,blah blah blah has the MOST rape In the whole world.In America a young 13 year old girl got raped In Ohio and the Guy only got 10 days!!In Islamic countries OFF WITH HIS HEAD!!That is why they are doing much bettter then America.
Reply:Not at all accurate.
While there is social stigma associated with being a rape victim in any country, the negative consequences, both legal and extra-legal, for reporting a rape in Islamic countries are so draconian that rape is virtually NEVER reported.
Just last year, for example, an 18 year old newly married woman in Saudi Arabia was the victim of a gang rape by 7 carjackers. With her husbands support (VERY rare in a Muslim marriage!) she reported the rape. While the men were convicted and punished she was sentenced to 200 lashes for putting herself in the position where they were able to kidnap and rape her.
Richard
Reply:Rape stats are notoriously unreliable in every country because of the social stigma attached to being a rape victim. Rapes are chronically under reported.
Reply:Women in Islam are too scared to report the rape.
Under Islamic law, a rape victim must have four male witnesses (which never happens), otherwise she is convicted of adultery (and god only knows what horrible punishment awaits her then).
So are the rape statistics really that low or are most rapes just not reported by the victim for fear of punishment?
How accurate are the rape statistics in Islamic countries?
your an Idiot,A woman must have 4 witnesses If she is committing adultery NOT rape!!Stupid westerns,do you really think that the statistic would be so low If you needed atleast 4 witnesses!!Rape Is not tolarated so only 2% of the victims would not report this,and you wanna know what else is so funny?America the land of the free,blah blah blah has the MOST rape In the whole world.In America a young 13 year old girl got raped In Ohio and the Guy only got 10 days!!In Islamic countries OFF WITH HIS HEAD!!That is why they are doing much bettter then America.
Reply:Not at all accurate.
While there is social stigma associated with being a rape victim in any country, the negative consequences, both legal and extra-legal, for reporting a rape in Islamic countries are so draconian that rape is virtually NEVER reported.
Just last year, for example, an 18 year old newly married woman in Saudi Arabia was the victim of a gang rape by 7 carjackers. With her husbands support (VERY rare in a Muslim marriage!) she reported the rape. While the men were convicted and punished she was sentenced to 200 lashes for putting herself in the position where they were able to kidnap and rape her.
Richard
Reply:Rape stats are notoriously unreliable in every country because of the social stigma attached to being a rape victim. Rapes are chronically under reported.
Reply:Women in Islam are too scared to report the rape.
What is Elementary Statistics with Probability and how do I prepare for the class?
I have to take Statistics this summer. I have no clue what I am in for. It is a junior college level course. (Math 135) Is it hard? Can you give me a sample of a typical problem and how you would solve it? Or just some sort of clue as to what it is all about.
I want to know what online or other resources I could use to review and prepare for statistics in the meanwhile?
What is Elementary Statistics with Probability and how do I prepare for the class?
Statistics starts with a lot of vocabulary and then a lot of formulas. The only part you may have studied before and could practice would be probability, Most people find that statistics is not as hard as algebra/trig.
I want to know what online or other resources I could use to review and prepare for statistics in the meanwhile?
What is Elementary Statistics with Probability and how do I prepare for the class?
Statistics starts with a lot of vocabulary and then a lot of formulas. The only part you may have studied before and could practice would be probability, Most people find that statistics is not as hard as algebra/trig.
Statistics?
I have to take Statistics this coming January. I have no clue what I am in for. It is a junior college level course. (Math 135) Is it hard? Can you give me a sample of a typical problem and how you would solve it? Or just some sort of clue as to what it is all about.
Statistics?
my guess would be stats?
Statistics?
my guess would be stats?
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